|
|
|
|
|
|
Inequality measures |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Richest 10% to poorest 10% |
|
Richest 20% to poorest 20% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gini rank |
HDI rank |
|
Survey year |
|
|
|
Gini index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
a |
a |
b |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
38 |
Hungary |
|
1998 |
|
5.0 |
|
3.5 |
|
24.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
11 |
Denmark |
|
1997 |
|
8.1 |
|
4.3 |
|
24.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
9 |
Japan |
|
1993 |
|
4.5 |
|
3.4 |
|
24.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
3 |
Sweden |
|
1995 |
|
5.9 |
|
3.8 |
|
25.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
6 |
Belgium |
|
1996 |
|
7.8 |
|
4.5 |
|
25.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
32 |
Czech Republic |
|
1996 |
|
5.2 |
|
3.5 |
|
25.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
14 |
Finland |
|
1995 |
|
5.1 |
|
3.5 |
|
25.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
1 |
Norway |
|
1995 |
|
5.3 |
|
3.7 |
|
25.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
39 |
Slovakia |
|
1996 |
|
6.7 |
|
4.0 |
|
25.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
101 |
Uzbekistan |
|
2000 |
|
6.1 |
|
4.0 |
|
26.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
60 |
Macedonia, TFYR |
|
1998 |
|
6.8 |
|
4.4 |
|
28.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
29 |
Slovenia |
|
1998 |
|
5.8 |
|
4.1 |
|
28.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
13 |
158 |
Rwanda |
|
1983-85 |
|
5.8 |
|
4.0 |
|
28.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
47 |
Croatia |
|
2001 |
|
7.3 |
|
4.8 |
|
29.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
75 |
Ukraine |
|
1999 |
|
6.4 |
|
4.3 |
|
29.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
16 |
102 |
Kyrgyzstan |
|
2001 |
|
6.0 |
|
4.2 |
|
29.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
17 |
72 |
Romania |
|
2000 |
|
7.2 |
|
4.7 |
|
30.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
18 |
112 |
Indonesia |
|
2000 |
|
7.8 |
|
5.2 |
|
30.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
19 |
53 |
Belarus |
|
2000 |
|
6.9 |
|
4.6 |
|
30.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
20 |
15 |
Luxembourg |
|
1998 |
|
7.7 |
|
4.9 |
|
30.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
21 |
76 |
Kazakhstan |
|
2001 |
|
7.1 |
|
4.8 |
|
31.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
22 |
8 |
Canada |
|
1997 |
|
9.0 |
|
5.4 |
|
31.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
23 |
30 |
Korea, Rep. of |
|
1998 |
|
7.8 |
|
4.7 |
|
31.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
24 |
35 |
Poland |
|
1998 |
|
7.8 |
|
5.1 |
|
31.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 |
139 |
Bangladesh |
|
2000 |
|
6.8 |
|
4.6 |
|
31.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
26 |
57 |
Bulgaria |
|
2001 |
|
9.9 |
|
5.8 |
|
31.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
27 |
50 |
Latvia |
|
1998 |
|
8.9 |
|
5.3 |
|
32.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
28 |
19 |
Spain |
|
1990 |
|
9.0 |
|
5.4 |
|
32.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
29 |
5 |
Netherlands |
|
1994 |
|
9.0 |
|
5.5 |
|
32.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
30 |
17 |
France |
|
1995 |
|
9.1 |
|
5.6 |
|
32.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
31 |
144 |
Pakistan |
|
1998-99 |
|
7.6 |
|
4.8 |
|
33.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
32 |
10 |
Switzerland |
|
1992 |
|
9.9 |
|
5.8 |
|
33.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
33 |
171 |
Burundi |
|
1998 |
|
19.3 |
|
9.5 |
|
33.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
34 |
148 |
Yemen |
|
1998 |
|
8.6 |
|
5.6 |
|
33.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
35 |
99 |
Sri Lanka |
|
1995 |
|
7.9 |
|
5.3 |
|
34.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
36 |
120 |
Egypt |
|
1999 |
|
8.0 |
|
5.1 |
|
34.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
37 |
113 |
Tajikistan |
|
1998 |
|
8.0 |
|
5.0 |
|
34.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
38 |
4 |
Australia |
|
1994 |
|
12.5 |
|
7.0 |
|
35.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
39 |
107 |
Algeria |
|
1995 |
|
9.6 |
|
6.1 |
|
35.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
40 |
24 |
Greece |
|
1998 |
|
10.0 |
|
6.2 |
|
35.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
41 |
22 |
Israel |
|
1997 |
|
11.7 |
|
6.4 |
|
35.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
42 |
12 |
Ireland |
|
1987 |
|
11.0 |
|
6.4 |
|
35.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
43 |
13 |
United Kingdom |
|
1995 |
|
13.4 |
|
7.1 |
|
36.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
44 |
21 |
Italy |
|
1998 |
|
14.5 |
|
7.1 |
|
36.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
45 |
109 |
Viet Nam |
|
1998 |
|
8.4 |
|
5.6 |
|
36.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
46 |
20 |
New Zealand |
|
1997 |
|
12.5 |
|
6.8 |
|
36.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
47 |
108 |
Moldova, Rep. of |
|
2001 |
|
10.2 |
|
6.2 |
|
36.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
48 |
45 |
Lithuania |
|
2000 |
|
7.9 |
|
5.1 |
|
36.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
49 |
90 |
Jordan |
|
1997 |
|
9.1 |
|
5.9 |
|
36.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
50 |
89 |
Azerbaijan |
|
2001 |
|
9.7 |
|
6.0 |
|
36.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
51 |
143 |
Nepal |
|
1995-96 |
|
9.3 |
|
5.9 |
|
36.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
52 |
161 |
Côte d'Ivoire |
|
1995 |
|
9.4 |
|
6.2 |
|
36.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
53 |
135 |
Lao People's Dem. Rep. |
|
1997 |
|
9.7 |
|
6.0 |
|
37.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
54 |
154 |
Mauritania |
|
1995 |
|
11.2 |
|
6.9 |
|
37.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
55 |
147 |
Uganda |
|
1996 |
|
9.9 |
|
6.4 |
|
37.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
56 |
41 |
Estonia |
|
1998 |
|
10.0 |
|
6.5 |
|
37.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
57 |
127 |
India |
|
1997 |
|
9.5 |
|
5.7 |
|
37.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
58 |
78 |
Jamaica |
|
2000 |
|
11.4 |
|
6.9 |
|
37.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
59 |
100 |
Armenia |
|
1998 |
|
11.5 |
|
6.8 |
|
37.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
60 |
18 |
Germany |
|
1998 |
|
14.2 |
|
7.9 |
|
38.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
61 |
160 |
Tanzania, U. Rep. of |
|
1993 |
|
10.8 |
|
6.7 |
|
38.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
62 |
23 |
Portugal |
|
1997 |
|
15.0 |
|
8.0 |
|
38.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
63 |
88 |
Georgia |
|
2000 |
|
13.4 |
|
7.6 |
|
38.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
64 |
126 |
Morocco |
|
1998-99 |
|
11.7 |
|
7.2 |
|
39.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
65 |
129 |
Ghana |
|
1999 |
|
14.1 |
|
8.4 |
|
39.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
66 |
170 |
Mozambique |
|
1996-97 |
|
12.5 |
|
7.2 |
|
39.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
67 |
96 |
Turkey |
|
2000 |
|
13.3 |
|
7.7 |
|
40.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
68 |
54 |
Trinidad and Tobago |
|
1992 |
|
14.4 |
|
8.3 |
|
40.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
69 |
104 |
China |
|
1998 |
|
12.7 |
|
8.0 |
|
40.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
70 |
157 |
Guinea |
|
1994 |
|
12.3 |
|
7.3 |
|
40.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
71 |
130 |
Cambodia |
|
1997 |
|
11.6 |
|
6.9 |
|
40.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
72 |
7 |
United States |
|
1997 |
|
16.6 |
|
9.0 |
|
40.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
73 |
87 |
Turkmenistan |
|
1998 |
|
12.3 |
|
7.7 |
|
40.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
74 |
156 |
Senegal |
|
1995 |
|
12.8 |
|
7.5 |
|
41.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
75 |
91 |
Tunisia |
|
1995 |
|
13.8 |
|
8.5 |
|
41.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
76 |
28 |
Singapore |
|
1998 |
|
17.7 |
|
9.7 |
|
42.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
77 |
71 |
Saint Lucia |
|
1995 |
|
16.2 |
|
9.2 |
|
42.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
78 |
106 |
Iran, Islamic Rep. of |
|
1998 |
|
17.2 |
|
9.7 |
|
43.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
79 |
74 |
Thailand |
|
2000 |
|
13.4 |
|
8.3 |
|
43.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
80 |
26 |
Hong Kong, China (SAR) |
|
1996 |
|
17.8 |
|
9.7 |
|
43.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
81 |
97 |
Ecuador |
|
1995 |
|
15.4 |
|
9.2 |
|
43.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
82 |
117 |
Mongolia |
|
1998 |
|
17.8 |
|
9.1 |
|
44.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
83 |
146 |
Kenya |
|
1997 |
|
15.6 |
|
9.1 |
|
44.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
84 |
92 |
Guyana |
|
1999 |
|
25.9 |
|
11.1 |
|
44.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
85 |
114 |
Bolivia |
|
1999 |
|
24.6 |
|
12.3 |
|
44.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
86 |
40 |
Uruguay |
e |
1998 |
|
21.6 |
|
11.2 |
|
44.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
87 |
63 |
Russian Federation |
|
2000 |
|
20.3 |
|
10.5 |
|
45.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
88 |
42 |
Costa Rica |
|
1997 |
|
20.7 |
|
11.5 |
|
45.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
89 |
149 |
Madagascar |
|
1999 |
|
11.4 |
|
7.0 |
|
46.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
90 |
85 |
Philippines |
|
2000 |
|
16.5 |
|
9.7 |
|
46.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
91 |
82 |
Peru |
|
1996 |
|
22.3 |
|
11.7 |
|
46.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
92 |
166 |
Guinea-Bissau |
|
1993 |
|
19.0 |
|
10.3 |
|
47.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
93 |
94 |
Dominican Republic |
|
1998 |
|
17.7 |
|
10.5 |
|
47.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
94 |
142 |
Cameroon |
|
1996 |
|
20.0 |
|
11.4 |
|
47.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
95 |
151 |
Gambia |
|
1998 |
|
25.4 |
|
13.8 |
|
47.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
96 |
173 |
Burkina Faso |
|
1998 |
|
26.2 |
|
13.6 |
|
48.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
97 |
59 |
Panama |
|
1997 |
|
29.8 |
|
14.7 |
|
48.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
98 |
169 |
Ethiopia |
|
2000 |
|
59.7 |
|
24.8 |
|
48.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
99 |
69 |
Venezuela |
|
1998 |
|
62.9 |
|
17.9 |
|
49.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
100 |
58 |
Malaysia |
|
1997 |
|
22.1 |
|
12.4 |
|
49.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
101 |
162 |
Malawi |
|
1997 |
|
22.7 |
|
11.6 |
|
50.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
102 |
172 |
Mali |
|
1994 |
|
23.1 |
|
12.2 |
|
50.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
103 |
174 |
Niger |
|
1995 |
|
46.0 |
|
20.7 |
|
50.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
104 |
152 |
Nigeria |
|
1996-97 |
|
24.9 |
|
12.8 |
|
50.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
105 |
105 |
El Salvador |
|
1998 |
|
33.6 |
|
17.3 |
|
50.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
106 |
132 |
Papua New Guinea |
|
1996 |
|
23.8 |
|
12.6 |
|
50.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
107 |
55 |
Mexico |
|
1998 |
|
34.6 |
|
17.0 |
|
51.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
108 |
163 |
Zambia |
|
1998 |
|
36.6 |
|
17.3 |
|
52.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
109 |
119 |
Guatemala |
|
1998 |
|
29.1 |
|
15.8 |
|
55.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
110 |
137 |
Lesotho |
|
1995 |
|
117.8 |
|
50.0 |
|
56.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
111 |
145 |
Zimbabwe |
|
1995 |
|
22.0 |
|
12.0 |
|
56.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
112 |
64 |
Colombia |
|
1996 |
|
42.7 |
|
20.3 |
|
57.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
113 |
43 |
Chile |
|
1998 |
|
43.2 |
|
19.3 |
|
57.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
114 |
84 |
Paraguay |
|
1998 |
|
91.1 |
|
31.8 |
|
57.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
115 |
115 |
Honduras |
|
1998 |
|
91.8 |
|
30.3 |
|
59.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
116 |
111 |
South Africa |
|
1995 |
|
65.1 |
|
33.6 |
|
59.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
117 |
121 |
Nicaragua |
|
1998 |
|
70.7 |
|
27.9 |
|
60.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
118 |
65 |
Brazil |
|
1998 |
|
65.8 |
|
29.7 |
|
60.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
119 |
133 |
Swaziland |
|
1994 |
|
49.7 |
|
23.8 |
|
60.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
120 |
168 |
Central African Republic |
|
1993 |
|
69.2 |
|
32.7 |
|
61.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
121 |
175 |
Sierra Leone |
|
1989 |
|
87.2 |
|
57.6 |
|
62.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
122 |
125 |
Botswana |
|
1993 |
|
77.6 |
|
31.5 |
|
63.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
123 |
124 |
Namibia |
|
1993 |
|
128.8 |
|
56.1 |
|
70.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note:
Because the underlying household surveys differ in method and in the type of
data collected, the distribution data are not strictly comparable across
countries. |
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a.
Data show the ratio of the income or consumption share of the richest group
to that of the poorest. Because of rounding, results may differ from
ratios calculated using the income or consumption shares in columns
2-5.
b. The Gini index measures inequality over the entire distribution of
income or consumption. A value of 0 represents perfect equality, and a value
of
100 perfect inequality.
c. Survey based on income.
d. Survey based on consumption.
e. Data refer to urban areas only |
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Source:
Column 1: World Bank. 2003. World Development Indicators 2003. CD-ROM.
Washington, DC.
Column 2: World Bank. 2003. World Development Indicators 2003. CD-ROM.
Washington, DC.
Column 3: World Bank. 2003. World Development Indicators 2003. CD-ROM.
Washington, DC.
Column 4: World Bank. 2003. World Development Indicators 2003. CD-ROM.
Washington, DC.
Column 5: World Bank. 2003. World Development Indicators 2003. CD-ROM.
Washington, DC.
Column 6: calculated on the basis of income or consumption data from World
Bank. 2003. World Development Indicators 2003. CD-ROM. Washington, DC.
Column 7: calculated on the basis of income or consumption data from World
Bank. 2003. World Development Indicators 2003. CD-ROM. Washington, DC.
Column 8: World Bank. 2003. World Development Indicators 2003. CD-ROM.
Washington, DC.
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